Depression is a mood disorder that affects people in different ways and causes various symptoms ranging from mild to severe.
They include lasting feelings of unhappiness and hopelessness, losing interest in the things you used to enjoy, feeling very tearful, and having no motivation or energy to do anything.
Depression can affect anyone at any age, but it’s most common in young adults and older people. It’s also more common in women than men. Depression is not caused by one event or experience, but rather, it’s the result of a combination of many factors, including changes in the weather (seasonal affected disorder).
Risk factors for depression include:
- A family history of depression
- A personal history of anxiety or other mood disorders
- Exposure to stressful life events, such as the death of a loved one, divorce, or financial problems
- Use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids, which lower serotonin
- Birth control pills
How to tell if you have depression
There are many different symptoms of depression, but some common ones include:
- Feeling sad or empty most of the time
- Loss of interest in things you used to enjoy
- Feeling hopeless or helpless
- Insomnia or excessive sleeping
- Loss of appetite or overeating
- Anger, irritability, and frustration
- Low energy or fatigue
- Trouble concentrating or making decisions
- Thoughts of suicide or death
If left untreated, depression can lead to work, relationships, and physical health problems. It’s essential to get help if you think you might be depressed.
If you’re worried about someone you think might be depressed, the best thing to do is talk to them about it.
You could say something like, “I’ve noticed you seem down lately. Are you OK?” If they’re reluctant to talk, let them know that you’re there for them and that they can speak to you about anything they want.
Treatment for depression
If you think you might be depressed, it’s important to see your GP as soon as possible. They can give you a full assessment and talk to you about available treatment options.
Treatment for depression varies and depends on whether you have mild, moderate or severe depression. Usually, treatment involves a combination of talking therapies and antidepressant medication. Some people find self-help techniques, such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or mindfulness, helpful.
Lifestyle changes can also play a significant part in helping people who suffer from depression.
